2014年12月24日 星期三

Week7:Hong Kong Occupy Central

Hong Kong's Occupy Central democracy 'referendum' -- What you should know
By Wilfred Chan and Euan McKirdy, CNN
June 30, 2014 -- Updated 0437 GMT (1237 HKT)

Hong Kong (CNN) -- Nearly 800,000 Hong Kongers have done something China's 1.3 billion people can only dream of: cast a ballot to demand a democratic government.
In an unofficial referendum organized by pro-democracy activists and denounced by Chinese authorities, 787,767 people in the city of more than seven million have called for the right to directly elect their next leader.
But Beijing has insisted Hong Kong politics stays in line with Chinese rule, paving the way for a showdown in the city.

Who are the activists?
Occupy Central is a pro-democracy group founded in 2013. Their goal is to allow the Hong Kong public to elect its next leader without strings attached.
If the Hong Kong government doesn't eventually give the public more voting rights, Occupy Central has threatened to "occupy" Central district, the city's financial hub, with a sit-in that would disrupt businesses and block traffic.

How is Hong Kong governed now?
Hong Kong is a Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, with its own executive, legislature, and judiciary.
A former British colony, the city was returned to Chinese control in 1997. But before the handover, China and the United Kingdom signed an agreement giving Hong Kong a "high degree of autonomy" for 50 years after its return to China. This enshrined a principle known as "one country, two systems" in a constitutional document called the Basic Law.

A few weeks ago, the Chinese government released astrongly-worded white paper that said Hong Kong does not have "full autonomy" and asserted that ultimate power over the city lay with Beijing. But many pro-democracy activists in Hong Kong see this as a violation of "one country, two systems."
Currently, Hong Kong's leader, known as the chief executive, is elected by a small committee. In 2012, this committee selected Leung Chun-ying, a staunch Beijing choice, who remains in power today.

What's the referendum all about?
The Hong Kong government has promised residents they will be able to vote for their own leader by 2017, but here's the catch: Beijing says it will only allow candidates who "love China."
Occupy Central responded by organizing an unofficial city-wide referendum, which asked people to choose between three ways to reform Hong Kong's voting system. All three plans proposed that candidates be nominated publicly, regardless of whether the candidates have Beijing's blessing.
To put it simply, anyone who voted in the referendum essentially said they wanted to have their own say in Hong Kong's political future.

What were the results?
The 10-day voting period began June 20 and asked voters to choose between one of three proposals to reform the city's election process.
Organizers had expected only 100,000 votes for what was originally just a two-day voting period. The final tally of valid ballots cast came to 787,767, with 42% going towards a proposal from the Alliance for True Democracy that said candidates for Hong Kong's chief executive should be nominated by the public, and conditions such as requiring candidates to "love China, love Hong Kong" should not be allowed.
Activists say the large overall turnout is a clear indicator of Hong Kong's discontent with Chinese government policies.
"Whatever Beijing may say in public now I think it can hardly afford to ignore the voices of 780,000 Hong Kong people," Anson Chan, former Chief Secretary of Hong Kong told CNN.

How has Beijing reacted?
The Chinese government is not amused. China's Hong Kong and Macau Affairs Office declared the unofficial referendum to be"unlawful."
In an editorial published June 23, the state-run Global Times called it an "illegal farce." The next day, another editorial accused activists of sowing "hatred."
Hong Kong's Beijing-backed chief executive has said none of the proposals being voted are legal. However, he has also said thatnone of the voters will face criminal consequences.
Meanwhile, China's censorship machine has been active on the issue. Internet searches for "Occupy Central" were completely blocked within mainland China, while searches for Hong Kong-related topics were among the most heavily censored, according to Chinese social media visualizer Weiboscope.
As voting went underway, newscast signals from Hong Kong were also reportedly blacked out in China's neighboring Guangdong province, where Chinese residents normally enjoy access to Hong Kong TV.
Organizers of the referendum also claim their website has been hit by significant cyberattacks, though it is unclear where the attacks may have originated from.

What about the sit-in?
If the Hong Kong government doesn't reform its electoral system in line with what Occupy Central is asking for, the group says it will marshal 10,000 people to sit and peacefully block traffic in downtown Hong Kong as a way to pressure Beijing into allowing Hong Kong to exercise "genuine universal suffrage."
Given Beijing's uncompromising response to the referendum so far, it seems Occupy Central's activities are increasingly likely to occur.
But nobody knows how much disruption the protest may cause. Hong Kong's security chief has warned the protest could turn violent, and "things could get out of control."
Others have warned that Occupy Central could disrupt Hong Kong's typically stable economy.

What else is going on?
It's been a month of political activism in the city. A 25th anniversary vigil for the 1989 Tiananmen Square crackdown victims drew around 100,000 people, and the subsequent release of Beijing's white paper only riled up the city's politically-minded residents even further.
On July 1, Hong Kongers will stage an annual pro-democracy protest march. The turnout is expected to be huge. We could be seeing tens, if not hundreds of thousands of people.
Later, Occupy Central reportedly plans to organize a follow-up referendum, which will give voters a choice between the most popular reform solution, and the government's proposal.

Website: 

Structure:
Who: The people in Hong Kong
When: 2013/6/30
What: The residents of Hong Kong want to cast a ballot to demand a democratic government
Where: In Hong Kong

Key words:
Ballot (n)票選
Referendum (n)公投
Executive (n)行政權
Judiciary (n)司法
Autonomy (n)自治
Enshrine (v)供奉
Sit-in (n)靜坐

Subsequent (a)隨後的

2014年12月17日 星期三

Week6:ISIS

FBI warns military of ISIS threat
By Pamela Brown and Jim Sciutto, CNN
December 2, 2014 -- Updated 0130 GMT (0930 HKT)

Washington (CNN) -- The FBI issued a warning Sunday to members of the U.S. military that ISIS is calling for attacks against them, according to a law enforcement source, saying that "overseas based individuals are looking for like-minded individuals in the U.S. to carry out these attacks."

"We also request members of the military review their online social media presence for any information that might attract the attention of violent extremists," the bulletin said, advising that members of the military "use caution and practice operational security when posting."

The new FBI bulletin includes a concern that ISIS members are "spotting and assessing" individuals in the U.S. who they believe may be interested in carrying out attacks on U.S. soil against members of the U.S. military, a U.S. counter-terror official tells CNN.

The bulletin language warns of "individuals overseas spotting and assessing" individuals in the U.S., based on their social media postings in support of the group. The warning encourages members of the military to "exercise operational security" in response to such threats, including reviewing their online social media postings so as not to make themselves easier targets.

U.S. law enforcement posted the warning now in advance of the upcoming holiday season when many members of the U.S. military travel in uniform. The new warning also cites several recent attacks in Canada against members of the Canadian military, including the Oct. 22 Ottawa shooting and two other attacks using cars.

The concern in the FBI and intelligence community is that ISIS members overseas are tracking personal information about "specific" U.S. soldiers --- such as their addresses and even their relatives addresses -- based on their social media posts, according to a law enforcement official briefed on the matter.

The concern is that ISIS operatives are gathering it overseas and then identifying homegrown violent extremists in the U.S who could help carry out the attack. The source says the idea is basically " I don't have to come and get him -- I can call someone in the U.S. who wants to support the cause and they can do it."

The FBI is working very closely with the military and intelligence community to address the issue.

A Pentagon spokesman said Monday morning that the bulletin "reinforces the guidance our combat commanders put out several weeks ago. This is nothing new for us." Col. Steve Warren, the Pentagon spokesman, said he was "aware of no new intelligence" that led to the bulletin being sent.

The FBI also issued a security bulletin in October warning of similar attacks on U.S. soil against law enforcement personnel and members of the news media.

Terrorism and security experts have expressed growing concerns in recent months that ISIS could inspire individuals in the West to carry out terrorist attacks.

Australian authorities in September foiled an ISIS-inspired plot to kidnap and publicly behead someone in public.

Website:

Structure:
Who: FBI
Where: In America
What: FBI warns military of ISIS threat

Key words:
like-minded (a)志同道合的
Presence (n)存在
Extremists (n)極端份子
Pentagon (n)五角大樓
Reinforce (v)加強
Foil (v)挫敗
Behead (v)斬首

2014年12月10日 星期三

Week5:Ebola

Cuban doctor beats Ebola, vows to return to W Africa

A Cuban doctor who contracted Ebola in Sierra Leone and was cured after experimental treatment in a Swiss hospital vowed on Saturday to return to West Africa and continue treating patients.
“I will finish what I started. I am returning to Sierra Leone,” Felix Baez, 43, told reporters at Havana’s Jose Marti airport shortly after landing, Cuban official Web site Cubadebate reported.
It was not immediately clear if Cuban health officials would allow Baez to go back to Africa.
Cuba has won international praise for its contribution to the fight against the worst Ebola outbreak on record.
About 200 Cuban doctors and nurses are on standby for an Ebola assignment in West Africa, in addition to the 256 already sent to Sierra Leone, Liberia and Guinea.
Cuban Health Minister Roberto Morales and other ministry officials were at the airport to greet Baez, who wore a blue T-shirt with the logo of the Geneva University Hospitals, where he spent 16 days being treated in isolation.
Baez was quickly reunited with his wife and eldest son, who is studying medicine.
“There was celebration and happiness, hugs and kisses,” said Jorge Perez, the director of Havana’s leading tropical diseases hospital, who traveled with Baez from Geneva.
Soon after arriving in Geneva on Nov. 20, Baez received the Canadian experimental treatment ZMab, a precursor to the Ebola drug ZMapp, which has been used to treat US patients.
“Two days afterwards he was already much better,” Geneva’s chief medical officer, Jacques-Andre Romand, told reporters, adding that the same drug had been sent to Rome to treat an Italian doctor battling the virus.
Romand added that at no time during Baez’s treatment was there any risk of transmission to the local population.
A hospital spokeswoman said Baez received both ZMab and the untested flu drug favipiravir, made by Japan’s Fujifilm, which the WHO has included on a list of potential Ebola treatments.
Out of 138 healthcare workers who have contracted the disease in Sierra Leone, 106 have died, a much higher fatality rate than among health workers in neighboring Guinea and Liberia, WHO data published on Wednesday showed.
Two more doctors died in Sierra Leone on Friday, a government and hospital source said.
Website:
http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/world/archives/2014/12/08/2003606272
Structure:
Who: A Cuban doctor.
What: He vowed to return to West Africa and continue treating patients.
Key words:

Cuba (n)古巴
Vow (v)發誓
Reunite (v)團聚
Transmission (n)傳輸
Contract (v)感染
Fatality rate (n)致死率

2014年11月12日 星期三

Week3:California killer

California killer's misogynist rants inspire #YesAllWomen


(CNN) -- Elliot Rodger's journal is filled with lengthy diatribes against women.

While his crimes have reignited a debate over gun control and mental health care, his misogynistic language has sparked discussion about the continuing sexism women face each day.

Thousands of women have used Twitter to express their solidarity in response to Rodger's hate-filled rants that led to him killing four men and two women Friday night.
The hashtag #YesAllWomen was used more than 1 million times since Saturday when people got a closer look into the killer's thoughts in the journal and a YouTube video he posted the day before his attacks.

Since it started, there are tweets about rape, feminism, harassment and women's rights with the same hashtag.

"There was a familiarity in that language that really hit home for a lot of women who live with this implicit threat of danger all the time," the founder of THEli.st, Rachel Sklar, told CNN. "There is just an extra layer of danger implicit in being a woman that this really taps into."

Website:
http://edition.cnn.com/2014/05/26/us/yesallwomen-tweets/index.html?iref=allsearch

Structure
Who: the people on the Internet
When: after the “California killer” incident
Where: on the Internet
What: people are furious about the “California killer” incident, starting hashtag #YesAllWomen to raise the awareness

Key words:
Misogynist (n)厭惡
Diatribe (n)謾罵
Reignite (v)重燃
Solidarity (n)團結

Implicit (a)含蓄的

2014年10月29日 星期三

Week2:Malaysian Airlines

Missing Malaysian Airlines MH370: Plane search area changed as new details of satellite phone call revealed


The search area to be scoured for the missing Malaysia Airlines flight MH370 is set to be changed following new analysis of an attempt to call the plane by satellite phone. With only weeks to go before contractors head back underwater in the most extensive aviation recovery operation of all time, officials said they have new data suggesting the Boeing 777 may have taken a different path.

Investigators have developed new methods for analysing data from attempted satellite calls in the months since the plane vanished while en route from Kuala Lumpur to Beijing on 8 March.


And in a press conference today, the Australian deputy prime minister Warren Truss said that research suggested the jet “might have turned south [towards the southern Indian Ocean] a little earlier than we had previously expected”.


The overall search area remains unchanged, Mr Truss said. However, the Australian Transport Safety Bureau chief commissioner, Martin Dolan, said he would meet with international experts next week to decide whether the 60,000-square-km (23,000-square-mile) zone should be extended or shifted south based on the new analysis.


“We think we may extend that area farther south; that's the thing we're currently considering,” Mr Dolan said.


The new analysis data comes from two calls Malaysia Airlines staff tried to make to the flight’s crew after MH370 was reported missing from radar screens.


Mr Dolan said the new analysis suggested the jet was already flying south when the first phone call was attempted, less than 20 minutes after the plane dropped off military radar.


“Previously, there was the possibility that it could have been quite a bit later, so we had to do our modelling based on a range of possibilities as to where the aircraft turned,” Mr Dolan said.


In three weeks, the Dutch contractor Fugro Survey Pty Ltd will begin the operation with three vessels towing underwater vehicles equipped with side-scan sonar, multi-beam echo sounders and video equipment, Mr Truss said.


Malaysia, as the country where the Boeing 777 was flagged, has overall responsibility for the crash investigation. But Australia has search and rescue responsibility, and China – the country of origin for most of the passengers – said today that it too agreed the search will “not be interrupted or given up”.


Website:



Structure:
When: 2104/3/8
What: search for Malaysian Airlines MH-370


Key words:
Scoured (v.)搜羅
Contractors (n.)承包商
Vessel (n.)船
side-scan sonar (n.)側掃聲納

2014年10月22日 星期三

Week1:Ukrainian crisis

Five things to know about Ukrainian crisis


Why did protests erupt in Ukraine?
Ukrainians who want closer ties to Europe instead of Russia filled the streets to object when President Viktor Yanukovych refused at the last minute to sign a trade pact three years in the making with the European Union.
Why did Yanukovych refuse?
Yanukovych, who won election in 2010 on a campaign of closer ties to Europe, said the deal did not provide enough aid to Ukraine to make up for the loss of trade from Russia. Russia's president, Vladimir Putin, had threatened retaliation, such as a shutoff of natural gas supplies in winter, if Ukraine signed. The EU says it is still willing to sign the pact, and Yanukovych says he may reconsider.
Why is Ukraine torn between two sides?
Once a captive of the Soviet Union, Ukraine has moved fitfully toward more Western ideals of free trade and human rights since it gained independence from communist rule in 1991. Many Ukrainians want a more liberal society like in the West. Since coming to power in 2000, Putin has said he views dissolution of the Soviet dictatorship as a tragedy and seeks to reimpose the will of Moscow on former republics.
Does it matter?
The West, led by the United States, spent decades during what is referred to as the Cold War trying to restore democratic rule in nations forcefully occupied by the Soviet Union, which attempted to spread communism and anti-Western ideals worldwide. Allowing Russia to coerce former captive nations back into its fold could bolster the influence of a nation that has an increasingly abysmal human rights record.
Who are the Ukranians?
Ukraine is the largest country in Europe with a population of 40 million people. More than 2 million Americans and Canadians claim Ukrainian descent. Ukraine has become a major producer of agricultural products and has significant untapped energy resources. Its industrial base includes aerospace and steel.
Five million Ukrainians died from famine under Soviet domination and an estimated 5 million more died under Nazi occupation during World War II. It was among the first Soviet republics to declare independence and establish a democracy.

Structure:
Who: Ukrainian
What: They protest on the street
When: 2013

Where: Ukraine

Keywords:
Retaliation (n.)報復
Soviet Union (n.)蘇聯
Liberal (n.)自由
Dissolution (n.)解散
Reimpose (v.)重新實施
Coerce (v.)脅迫

Abysmal (a.)深的